| Soviet locomotive class ФД | |
|---|---|
| Power type | Steam |
| Builder | Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk) Locomotive Factory |
| Build date | 1931—1942 |
| Configuration | 2-10-2 |
| Gauge | 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Leading wheel diameter |
900 mm (35.43 in) |
| Driver diameter | 1,500 mm (59.06 in) |
| Trailing wheel diameter |
1,050 mm (41.34 in) |
| Length | 15.974 m (52 ft 5 in) (w/o tender), 28.519 m (93 ft 7 in) |
| Weight on drivers | 104.0 tonnes |
| Locomotive & tender combined weight |
259.5 tonnes |
| Fuel type | Coal, oil (FDP) |
| Boiler pressure | 15 kgf/cm² (1.47 MPa; 213 psi) |
| Firegrate area | 7.04 m2 (75.8 sq ft) |
| Cylinders | Two, outside |
| Cylinder size | 670 × 770 mm (26.38 × 30.31 in) |
| Top speed | 85 km/h (53 mph) |
| Tractive effort | 287.9 kN (64,720 lbf) |
The Soviet locomotive class FD (Russian: ФД)[n 1] was a Soviet main freight steam locomotive type. Between 1932 and 1942, 3213 locomotives were built.
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A locomotive was created in connection with the industrialization conducted in the USSR. Planning occupied only 100 days, and general time of building made 170 days. For his creation designers used American experience of creation of steam locomotives. The first locomotive was built at the Lugansk Locomotive Factory in 1931 and sent for a show to Moscow.
Tests on which a locomotive got a good estimation were conducted in 1932. In a that year at the Voroshilovgradskom plant passed to the mass production of ФД20 locomotives. In the process of production their construction got better constantly. From beginning of Great Patriotic war in 1941, a production was interrupted, only in 1942, 4 locomotives were built in Ulan Ude. Total production was 2927 locomotives of ФД20, and 286 locomotives of ФД21. The two subclasses only differed in the type of superheater.
The locomotives of ФД left on areas with high turnover of goods. They worked on 23 from 43 railways of the USSR, including in Siberia and on Ural. From middle of 1950, in connection with passing to the diesel engines and electric locomotives, the locomotives of ФД began to be pushed aside from work. Also in 1958–1960 about 1000 locomotives were passed to China.
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